* {
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
    margin: 0;
    background: #f5f5ef;
    font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
    font-size: 12px;
    color: #333;
}

a {
    color: #6fa8ff;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.page-wrapper {
    width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    background: #ffffff;
}

.site-header {
    height: 132px;
    background: #ffffff;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: flex-start;
    padding: 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.header-left {
    height: 132px;
}

.header-left img {
    height: 132px;
    display: block;
}

.header-right {
    color: #7ba8ff;
    text-align: right;
    font-size: 12px;
    padding-top: 12px;
    padding-right: 18px;
    line-height: 58px;
}

.navbar {
    height: 44px;
    background: #1f6c99;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    padding: 0 18px;
}

.navbar ul {
    display: flex;
    gap: 22px;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
}

.navbar a {
    color: #ffffff;
    font-weight: bold;
    font-size: 12px;
}

.search-box {
    display: flex;
    gap: 4px;
}

.search-box input {
    width: 175px;
    height: 30px;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 3px;
}

.search-box button {
    height: 30px;
    padding: 0 18px;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 3px;
    background: #ffffff;
    font-size: 11px;
}

.main-layout {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 270px 1fr 270px;
    gap: 20px;
    background: #f1f1f1;
    padding: 10px 14px 22px;
}

.left-sidebar,
.right-sidebar {
    background: #f1f1f1;
}

.content {
    background: #ffffff;
    padding: 18px 26px 32px;
    min-height: 1500px;
}

.journal-banner img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 86px;
    object-fit: cover;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.journal-info-table {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.info-row {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 140px 20px 1fr;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
    padding: 8px 0;
}

.info-label {
    font-weight: bold;
}

.journal-description {
    line-height: 1.55;
    text-align: justify;
}

.timeline-boxes {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    border-left: 3px solid #3a91c8;
    margin: 24px 0 26px;
}

.timeline-box {
    padding: 10px 16px;
    border-right: 1px solid #3a91c8;
}

.timeline-number {
    font-size: 26px;
    color: #1d2830;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.timeline-text {
    font-size: 11px;
    color: #555;
}

.current-issue-tabs {
    border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.current-issue-tabs span {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0 18px 10px;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #80b9ff;
    color: #333;
}

.issue-section h3 {
    font-size: 13px;
    margin-bottom: 28px;
}

.article-item {
    margin-bottom: 36px;
}

.article-item h5 {
    font-size: 13px;
    font-weight: normal;
    line-height: 1.4;
    margin: 0 0 6px;
}

.article-item p {
    margin: 5px 0;
    line-height: 1.4;
}

.article-meta {
    display: flex;
    gap: 45px;
    font-size: 10px;
    color: #555;
    margin: 8px 0 10px;
}

.article-item button {
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid #b6d9ff;
    color: #86bfff;
    border-radius: 6px;
    padding: 8px 18px;
    font-size: 10px;
}

.sidebar-card {
    background: #ffffff;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    padding: 12px;
}

.sidebar-title {
    background: #17699a;
    color: #ffffff;
    text-align: center;
    font-weight: bold;
    padding: 8px 10px;
    margin: -12px -12px 12px;
    font-size: 12px;
}

.sidebar-heading {
    margin: 0 0 16px;
    color: #2b78a4;
    font-size: 15px;
    font-weight: normal;
}

.cover-box {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.cover-box img {
    width: 190px;
    max-width: 100%;
}

.outline-button {
    display: block;
    width: 220px;
    max-width: 100%;
    margin: 0 auto;
    border: 1px solid #b7d8ff;
    color: #8fbeff;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 10px;
    border-radius: 5px;
    font-size: 11px;
}

.volume-year {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    padding: 13px 4px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #eeeeee;
    color: #333;
}

.visitor-box {
    text-align: center;
}

.visitor-box img {
    width: 170px;
    max-width: 100%;
}

.plain-card {
    padding: 8px;
}

.submission-img {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    margin-bottom: 14px;
}

.citation-table {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 48px 70px;
    gap: 6px 8px;
    font-size: 10px;
    color: #333;
    padding: 0 4px;
}

.citation-table div {
    text-align: center;
}

.citation-table div:nth-child(3n+1) {
    text-align: left;
}

.indexing-list {
    text-align: center;
}

.indexing-list img {
    display: block;
    max-width: 155px;
    max-height: 45px;
    object-fit: contain;
    margin: 9px auto;
}

.sidebar-link-list,
.simple-list {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
}

.sidebar-link-list li {
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    padding-left: 12px;
    position: relative;
}

.sidebar-link-list li::before {
    content: "";
    width: 8px;
    height: 8px;
    border: 2px solid #ff9b42;
    border-radius: 50%;
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    top: 3px;
}

.simple-list li {
    margin-bottom: 14px;
}

.editor-card {
    position: relative;
    min-height: 130px;
}

.editor-card h4 {
    margin: 0 0 18px;
    font-size: 12px;
}

.editor-card p {
    line-height: 1.45;
    margin: 0;
}

.read-more {
    display: inline-block;
    float: right;
    background: #50b8e7;
    color: #ffffff;
    font-size: 10px;
    padding: 4px 8px;
    border-radius: 2px;
    margin-top: 10px;
}

.qr-card {
    text-align: center;
}

.qr-card img {
    width: 150px;
}

.issn-box {
    border: 5px solid #17699a;
    padding: 12px;
    text-align: center;
    font-family: Georgia, serif;
    font-size: 23px;
    color: #17699a;
    font-weight: bold;
    background: #ffffff;
}

.plagiarism-card p {
    text-align: center;
    font-weight: bold;
    font-size: 11px;
    margin: 10px 0;
}

.plagiarism-card img {
    display: block;
    width: 180px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.browse-issue {
    margin-bottom: 18px;
}

.browse-issue p {
    margin: 6px 0 0;
    line-height: 1.4;
}

.site-footer {
    background: #0d2430;
    color: #ffffff;
    padding: 12px 16px 4px;
    font-size: 12px;
}

.site-footer p {
    margin: 0 0 8px;
    line-height: 1.4;
}

.license-box {
    margin: 10px 0 4px;
}

.license-box img {
    display: block;
    width: 125px;
    height: auto;
}

.license-text {
    font-size: 11px;
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.auth-links {
    position: relative;
    height: 28px;
    line-height: 20px;
}

.auth-links a {
    color: #7ba8ff;
    font-size: 12px;
}

.issn-top {
    margin-top: 36px;
    color: #7ba8ff;
    font-size: 12px;
}

.user-dropdown {
    position: relative;
    display: inline-block;
}

.user-button {
    background: transparent;
    border: none;
    color: #7ba8ff;
    font-size: 12px;
    cursor: pointer;
    padding: 0;
}

.user-dot {
    color: #777;
    font-size: 13px;
    margin-left: 4px;
}

.user-arrow {
    color: #7ba8ff;
    margin-left: 3px;
}

.user-menu {
    display: none;
    position: absolute;
    right: 0;
    top: 22px;
    width: 130px;
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid #dcdcdc;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
    z-index: 999;
    text-align: left;
}

.user-dropdown:hover .user-menu {
    display: block;
}

.user-menu a,
.user-menu button {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    padding: 8px 10px;
    border: none;
    background: #ffffff;
    color: #333;
    font-size: 12px;
    text-align: left;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.user-menu a:hover,
.user-menu button:hover {
    background: #f1f1f1;
}

.download-button {
    display: inline-block;
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid #b6d9ff;
    color: #86bfff;
    border-radius: 6px;
    padding: 8px 18px;
    font-size: 10px;
    margin: 8px 0;
}

.issue-pagination {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    margin: 28px 0;
    color: #555;
}

.issue-pagination a {
    border: 1px solid #dddddd;
    color: #777;
    padding: 8px 14px;
    border-radius: 18px;
    background: #ffffff;
}

.view-all-issues {
    text-align: right;
    margin-top: 28px;
}

.view-all-issues a {
    border: 1px solid #b6d9ff;
    color: #86bfff;
    border-radius: 6px;
    padding: 9px 18px;
    font-size: 11px;
}

.article-detail h2 {
    color: #333;
    font-size: 20px;
    line-height: 1.35;
    margin: 0 0 12px;
}

.article-authors {
    color: #555;
    margin-bottom: 22px;
}

.article-detail-table {
    border-top: 1px solid #dddddd;
    margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.detail-row {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 130px 1fr;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #dddddd;
    padding: 10px 0;
}

.detail-label {
    font-weight: bold;
}

.article-actions {
    display: flex;
    gap: 12px;
    align-items: center;
}

.back-link {
    display: inline-block;
    color: #777;
}

.archives-list {
    margin-top: 20px;
}

.archive-item {
    border-bottom: 1px solid #dddddd;
    padding: 16px 0;
}

.archive-item h3 {
    font-size: 15px;
    margin: 0 0 8px;
    font-weight: normal;
}

.archive-item p {
    margin: 0;
    line-height: 1.5;
    color: #555;
}

a.volume-year {
    color: #333;
}

.breadcrumb-box {
    background: #f5f5f5;
    padding: 12px 16px;
    margin-bottom: 22px;
    color: #777;
    font-size: 12px;
}

.breadcrumb-box a {
    color: #7bb9ff;
}

.breadcrumb-box span {
    margin-left: 8px;
}

.about-page h2 {
    font-size: 24px;
    font-weight: normal;
    color: #444;
    margin: 0 0 18px;
    padding-bottom: 14px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #eeeeee;
}

.about-page h3 {
    font-size: 18px;
    font-weight: normal;
    color: #444;
    margin: 16px 0 8px;
}

.about-page p {
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 1.55;
    text-align: justify;
    margin: 0 0 14px;
}

.scope-list {
    margin: 0 0 16px 38px;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 1.55;
}

.workflow-preview {
    width: 100%;
    height: 540px;
    background: #262626;
    overflow: hidden;
    margin-top: 8px;
}

.workflow-preview iframe {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    border: none;
}

.navbar > ul > li {
    position: relative;
}

.nav-dropdown {
    position: relative;
}

.dropdown-menu {
    display: none !important;
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    left: 0;
    width: 185px;
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid #dcdcdc;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.12);
    z-index: 9999;
    padding: 0 !important;
    margin: 0;
    list-style: none;
}

.nav-dropdown:hover .dropdown-menu {
    display: block !important;
}

.dropdown-menu li {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
}

.dropdown-menu li a {
    display: block;
    color: #333333;
    padding: 10px 12px;
    font-size: 12px;
    font-weight: normal;
    background: #ffffff;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #eeeeee;
}

.dropdown-menu li a:hover {
    background: #f2f2f2;
    color: #1f6c99;
}

.contact-page {
    background: #ffffff;
    min-height: 650px;
}

.contact-page h2 {
    font-size: 24px;
    font-weight: normal;
    color: #444444;
    margin: 0 0 8px;
}

.edit-button {
    display: inline-block;
    border: 1px solid #cccccc;
    background: #ffffff;
    color: #333333;
    padding: 7px 16px;
    border-radius: 3px;
    font-size: 12px;
    margin: 0 0 22px;
}

.contact-block {
    margin: 14px 0 34px;
}

.contact-page p {
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin: 0;
    color: #333333;
}

.contact-section {
    margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.contact-section h3 {
    font-size: 24px;
    font-weight: normal;
    color: #444444;
    margin: 0 0 12px;
}

.editorial-page h2 {
    font-size: 24px;
    font-weight: normal;
    color: #444;
    margin: 0 0 24px;
}

.editorial-table-wrap {
    width: 100%;
    overflow-x: auto;
}

.editorial-table {
    width: 100%;
    border-collapse: collapse;
    font-size: 11px;
    color: #333;
    background: #ffffff;
}

.editorial-table th {
    background: #f5f5f5;
    border: 1px solid #dddddd;
    padding: 10px 8px;
    text-align: center;
    font-weight: bold;
}

.editorial-table td {
    border: 1px solid #dddddd;
    padding: 8px 8px;
    vertical-align: top;
    line-height: 1.35;
}

.editorial-table td:nth-child(1) {
    width: 110px;
}

.editorial-table td:nth-child(2) {
    width: 210px;
}

.editorial-table td:nth-child(3) {
    width: 170px;
}

.editorial-table td:nth-child(4),
.editorial-table td:nth-child(5),
.editorial-table td:nth-child(6) {
    text-align: center;
    width: 70px;
}

.editorial-table a {
    color: #6fa8ff;
}

.submission-page h2 {
    font-size: 24px;
    font-weight: normal;
    color: #444;
    margin: 0 0 18px;
}

.submission-page h3 {
    font-size: 16px;
    font-weight: normal;
    color: #3f8ec3;
    margin: 18px 0 10px;
}

.submission-page h4 {
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: bold;
    color: #333;
    margin: 16px 0 6px;
}

.submission-page p {
    font-size: 12px;
    line-height: 1.55;
    text-align: justify;
    margin: 0 0 10px;
    color: #333;
}

.submission-alert {
    background: #e8f6ff;
    border-left: 4px solid #9bd7ff;
    padding: 12px 14px;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.submission-alert p {
    margin: 0 0 5px;
    color: #4e94c4;
}

.submission-checklist {
    margin: 0 0 18px 22px;
    padding: 0;
    font-size: 12px;
    line-height: 1.55;
}

.submission-checklist li {
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.author-guidelines {
    margin-top: 10px;
}

.policy-page {
    background: #ffffff;
}

.policy-page h2 {
    font-size: 24px;
    font-weight: normal;
    color: #444;
    margin: 0 0 22px;
}

.policy-page h3 {
    font-size: 16px;
    font-weight: normal;
    color: #444;
    margin: 18px 0 8px;
}

.policy-page h4 {
    font-size: 13px;
    font-weight: bold;
    color: #333;
    margin: 14px 0 6px;
}

.policy-page p {
    font-size: 12px;
    line-height: 1.6;
    text-align: justify;
    color: #333;
    margin: 0 0 10px;
}

.policy-page ul {
    margin: 0 0 14px 28px;
    padding: 0;
    font-size: 12px;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.policy-page li {
    margin-bottom: 7px;
}

.author-guidelines-page {
    background: #ffffff;
}

.author-guidelines-page h2 {
    font-size: 24px;
    font-weight: normal;
    color: #444;
    margin: 0 0 24px;
    padding-bottom: 14px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #eeeeee;
}

.author-guidelines-page p {
    font-size: 12px;
    line-height: 1.55;
    text-align: left;
    color: #333;
    margin: 0 0 10px;
}

.author-guidelines-page a {
    color: #8fc2ff;
}

.author-guidelines-page strong {
    font-weight: bold;
}

.author-guidelines-page em {
    font-style: italic;
}

.archives-page {
    background: #ffffff;
    min-height: 1100px;
    padding-top: 4px;
}

.archive-issue-item {
    margin-bottom: 42px;
}

.archive-issue-title {
    display: inline-block;
    color: #7db8ff;
    font-size: 15px;
    font-weight: normal;
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.archive-issue-title:hover {
    color: #4b9bed;
}

.archive-issue-meta {
    color: #222222;
    font-size: 13px;
    line-height: 1.35;
}

.archive-pagination {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    margin-top: 54px;
    padding-bottom: 10px;
}

.archive-page-btn {
    display: inline-block;
    border: 1px solid #dddddd;
    color: #777777;
    background: #ffffff;
    padding: 8px 16px;
    border-radius: 18px;
    font-size: 12px;
}

.archive-page-btn:hover {
    background: #f7f7f7;
    color: #555555;
}

.archive-page-btn.disabled {
    color: #bbbbbb;
    cursor: default;
}

.archive-page-info {
    color: #333333;
    font-size: 13px;
}

.how-submit-page {
    background: #ffffff;
}

.how-submit-page h2 {
    font-size: 24px;
    font-weight: normal;
    color: #444;
    margin: 0 0 28px;
    padding-bottom: 14px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #eeeeee;
}

.page-title-icon {
    color: #d7b6ff;
    font-size: 16px;
    margin-right: 10px;
    vertical-align: middle;
}

.how-submit-page p {
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 1.55;
    color: #333;
    margin: 0 0 12px;
}

.how-submit-page a {
    color: #7db8ff;
}

.submit-step {
    margin-bottom: 18px;
}

.submit-guide-img {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 620px;
    margin: 8px 0 16px;
    border: none;
}

.editorial-policy-page {
    background: #ffffff;
}

.editorial-policy-page h2 {
    font-size: 22px;
    font-weight: normal;
    color: #444;
    margin: 0 0 22px;
}

.editorial-policy-page h3 {
    font-size: 17px;
    font-weight: normal;
    color: #444;
    margin: 18px 0 8px;
}

.editorial-policy-page h4 {
    font-size: 13px;
    font-weight: bold;
    color: #333;
    margin: 14px 0 6px;
}

.editorial-policy-page p {
    font-size: 12px;
    line-height: 1.55;
    color: #333;
    text-align: justify;
    margin: 0 0 10px;
}

.editorial-policy-page ul {
    margin: 0 0 14px 34px;
    padding: 0;
    font-size: 12px;
    line-height: 1.55;
}

.editorial-policy-page li {
    margin-bottom: 3px;
}

.license-page {
    background: #ffffff;
    min-height: 950px;
}

.license-page h2 {
    font-size: 24px;
    font-weight: normal;
    color: #444;
    margin: 0 0 22px;
    padding-bottom: 14px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #eeeeee;
}

.license-image {
    margin-bottom: 14px;
}

.license-image img {
    width: 155px;
    height: auto;
    display: block;
}

.license-page p {
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 1.55;
    color: #333;
    margin: 0 0 13px;
    text-align: left;
}

.license-page a {
    color: #7db8ff;
}

.publication-ethics-page {
    background: #ffffff;
    min-height: 950px;
}

.publication-ethics-page h2 {
    font-size: 24px;
    font-weight: normal;
    color: #444;
    margin: 0 0 28px;
    padding-bottom: 14px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #eeeeee;
}

.publication-ethics-page h3 {
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: bold;
    color: #333;
    margin: 16px 0 6px;
}

.publication-ethics-page p {
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 1.55;
    color: #333;
    text-align: justify;
    margin: 0 0 12px;
}

.publication-ethics-page a {
    color: #7db8ff;
}

.crossmark-page {
    background: #ffffff;
    min-height: 950px;
}

.crossmark-page h2 {
    font-size: 24px;
    font-weight: normal;
    color: #444;
    margin: 0 0 28px;
    padding-bottom: 14px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #eeeeee;
}

.crossmark-page h3 {
    font-size: 18px;
    font-weight: normal;
    color: #444;
    margin: 20px 0 12px;
}

.crossmark-page p {
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 1.55;
    color: #333;
    text-align: left;
    margin: 0 0 14px;
}

.crossmark-page a {
    color: #7db8ff;
}

.crossmark-table {
    width: 100%;
    border-collapse: collapse;
    font-size: 14px;
    color: #333;
    margin-top: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 26px;
}

.crossmark-table th {
    border-top: 1px solid #eeeeee;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #eeeeee;
    padding: 12px 10px;
    text-align: left;
    font-weight: bold;
}

.crossmark-table td {
    border-bottom: 1px solid #eeeeee;
    padding: 15px 10px;
    vertical-align: top;
    line-height: 1.45;
}

.crossmark-table th:first-child,
.crossmark-table td:first-child {
    width: 110px;
}

.crossmark-doi {
    margin-top: 16px;
}